The venturi meter has a converging conical inlet, a cylindrical throat and a diverging. It has no projections into the fluid, no sharp corners and no sudden changes in contour. The following figure shows the venturi meter with uniform cylindrical section before converging entrance, a throat and divergent outlet. To find the coefficient of discharge for vcnturi meter. One measures the pressure difference between the venturi inlet and neck, and from this the flowrate can be determined. The top three valves control flow through the experimental pipes, while the bottom three valves control the venturi meter to be used. Flow through venturi meter background and theory introduction flow meters are used in the industry to measure the volumetric flow rate of fluids. In practise the venturi tube is used in planes to measure the flight velocity. Venturi meter and orifice plate effects are two main and very important phenomenas in fuild mechanics sub field of mechanical engineering. Note that at the throat where the velocity is the greatest, the pressure is least. Venturi meter experiment procedures valve pressure measurement. A venturimeter is a device used for measuring the rate of a flow of a fluid flowing through a pipe. The venturi meter is an obstruction meter named in honor of giovanni venturi 17461822, an italian physicist who first tested conical expansions and contractions. A venturi tube contains a throat which is smaller in a diameter to the pipeline, into which it fits.
In this meter, the fluid is gradually accelerated to a throat and then gradually retarded in diverging section where the flow channel expands to the pipe size. The original, or classical, venturi was invented by a u. It provides more exact measurement than for example the common pitot tube but it is intended rather for smaller flight velocities the speed of sound is reached in the thinner part at small velocities. An annotated sample lab report prepared on a fluids experiment. One of the disadvantages of orifice meters is the large irreversible pressure loss across the orifice, which results in substantial pumping costs in case of large diameter pipes. Venturi flow meter installation and operation manual designs, materials, weights and performance ratings are approximate and subject to change without notice. Video of a venturi meter used in a lab experiment idealized flow in a venturi tube the venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a fluid flows through a constricted section or choke of a pipe. He carried out experiment in a nonstandard type of venturimeter with a wide throat. Objective the main objectives of this experiment is to obtain the coefficient of discharge from experimental data by utilizing venturi meter and, also the relationship between reynolds number and the coefficient of discharge.
It may be noted that in the usual form of venturi meter intended for flow measurement, pressure tappings are made only at the entrance and at the throat, as these two readings suffice to measure the discharge. At the throat, the area is reduce from a to a and the velocity is increased from v to v. It is the portion that lies in between the converging and diverging part of the venturi. The venturi meter is invented by an american engineer clemans herchel 18411932 and named him after italian giovanni venturi 18421932. Venturi meters are used for measuring the flowrate of both compressible and incompressible fluids in a pipeline. Figure 1 venturi meter h5 the venturi meter has three main. It is the portion of the venturimeter venturi where the fluid gets diverges. Venturi meter and orifice meter are the commonly used flow meters for measuring massvolumetric flow rate or velocity of the flowing fluid. It consisted of a 21 conical contraction, a straight throat of diameter d and.
Video of a venturi meter used in a lab experiment idealized flow in a venturi tube the venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a fluid flows through a. As the fluid from the entry section of venturi meter flows into the converging section, its pressure keeps on reducing and attains a minimum value p2 when it enters the throat. Laboratory experiment on venturi meter and orifice meter uk essays. The standard deviation, for cd was also calculated to be.
Introduction the orifice meter, the nozzle meter, and the venturi meter are the most common devices used to. The whole assembly of venturi meter, manometer tubes, scale and manifold is supported on a base mounted on adjustable screwed feet. The main objectives of this experiment is to obtain. The venturitube has a converging conical inlet, a cylindrical throat, and a. Venturi meterconstruction, working, equation, application.
Inserttype venturi flow meter installation and operation manual. The 2nd figure is a measurement of the flow speed in an experiment. The water flow rate can be adjusted using the valves on the hydraulics bench. The apparatus consist of a flow bench that allows water flow to the venture meter. It is a cheaper device as compared to venturimeter. Given a venturi meter, cv, the venturi coefficient can be determined to compare the actual and ideal values as per bernoullis predictions, for a volume flow rate. Construction and specification of venturi meter venturi is an example for restriction type flow meter. The purpose of the experiment is to demonstrate typical flow measurement. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Pdf experimental investigation of the installation. Flow measurement by venturi and orifice meters objectives. Experimental and cfd analysis of flow through venturimeter. A venturi meter is a variable head meter, which is used for measuring the flow rate of a fluid through a pipe.
Experiments after the experiment setup is prepared for test, the pressure tap values on the venturi meter manometers are observed and recorded with rotating the valve. Energy losses through venturi, orifice, and rotameter flowmeters. Wallaces hints regarding common strengths and weakness of each section of a lab report a sample cover memo. These pressure tappings are connected to a common middle chamber, which in turn is connected to a differential manometer. Detailed information about these components is given in this chapter. Energy losses through venturi, orifice, and rotameter. Differential pressure type flow meters head flow meters measure flow rate by introducing a constriction in the flow. It works on the basic principle of bernoullis equation. Calculate the coefficient of discharge from experimental data for a venturi meter. Made by faculty at the university of colorado boulder department of chemical. Department of mechanical engineering venturi meter. He also noticed that the introduction of an orifice meter into a pipeline is necessary as this causes a change in the kinetic of the fluid. Each meter works by its ability to alter a certain physical property of the flowing fluid and then allows this alteration to be measured. Fm 308 flow measurement by venturi and orifice meter.
When comparing the reynolds number to cd for the venturi meter the graph remained relatively linear until there was a drastic decrease around trial 11. A wide variety of venturi meter options are available to you, there are 302 suppliers who sells venturi meter on, mainly located in asia. To determine the coefficient of discharge of the orifice meter 1. Pdf venturi tube plays a very important role in different fields of. The restriction diameter should not be less than 0. Determine the relationship between reynolds number and the coefficient of discharge. Inside the flow bench is weighing tank connected to one end of a lever arm. The principle of the orifice meter is identical with that of the venturi meter. In this experiment the flow k and discharge cd coefficients of a venturi meter will be assessed by comparing the real discharge measured in the experiment with the theoretical discharge calculated by deriving venturi discharge formula from bernoulli and continuity equations. Department of mechanical engineering venturi meter objective. Schematic diagram of venture meter the venturi is manufactured from transparent acrylic materials and follows the classic 2110 convergentdivergent design which forms the basis of most engineering standards for venturi flow meters. The fluid whose flow rate is to be measured enters the entry section of the venturi meter with a pressure p1. In venturi, pressure energy pe converted into kinetic energy ke to calculate flow rate discharge in a closed pipeline.
In simplest form, the pitot tube consists of a glass tube, bent at right. Pdf experimental investigation of the installation effects. This inexpensive flowmeter is ideal for teaching the use of the bernoulli balance to model fluid systems. Venturi flow meter working principle animation when a venturi flow meter is placed in a pipe carrying the fluid whose flow rate is to be measured, a pressure drop occurs between the entrance and throat of the venturi meter. The major objective of this experiment was to construct, test and model a simple, inexpensive venturi meter. Flow through a venturi meter from maae 2300 at carleton university.
It consists of flat circular plate which has a circular hole, in concentric with the pipe. Experimental investigation of the installation effects on the venturi flow meter performance conference paper pdf available june 2000 with 2,477 reads how we measure reads. Differential pressure type flow meters head flow metersmeasure flow rate by introducing a constriction in the flow. Venturi meter posted on march 15, 2011 april 4, 2012 by mrsoltys a venturi meter is a device that allows flow rates through pipes to be calculated by measuring the difference in pressure created by a contraction in a pipe. Venturi flow meter installation and operation manual. Introduction there are many different meters used to measure fluid flow. To find the coefficient of discharge for orifice meter. Venturi meter apparatus with using venture meter, which is procured from tecquipment company, it is possible to see and measure the complete static head distribution along a horizontal venture tube, figure 1. The orifice meter consists of a flat orifice plate with a circular hole drilled in it. A venturimeter or current meter is used to calculate the change in flow rate through a choked tube as described by the bernoulli equation. Venturi and orificemeters are the most commonly used nowsensing elements in. The experiment is designed to study uniform water flow over a range of flow rates. Determination of coefficient of discharge venturi meter.
The pressure drop associated with each meter is measured directly from the. Introduction a venturi meter is a device for determining the flowrate of a fluid down a pipe. In simple language, this is defined as the sum of pressure energy, kinetic energy per unit volume and potential energy per unit volume equal in the same direction. Each pipe has the respective venturimeter with quick action cocks for pressure tappings. The apparatus used on this experiment also has a number of straight tube manometers at equally spaced intervals. To find the coefficient of discharge for oririce meter. He also observed that the meter was good for the study of fluid.
Venturi meter is a device or component which is used for measuring the rate of flow of liquid through pipes. However, the same principle can be exploited with only minimal pressure loss with the use of a venturi meter. This also work on the same principle as that of venturimeter. Cd for the venturi meter decreased as the flow rate decreased with each trial. Venturimeter engineering explained engineeringclicks. The inlet diameter equals d 26 mm and the throat diameter d 16 mm.
It is used to calculate the velocity of fluids in running through a pipeline. To find the coefficient of discharge for venturi meter. Dimensions of the venturi used in the experiment as indicated in figure 3. Theory a venturi meter is a device used to measure the flow speed of a fluid in a pipe. Sep 30, 2016 determination of coefficient of discharge venturi meter experiment. Experiment 1 report flow through a venturi meter group members. Pdf experimental investigation of the installation effects on the. If the velocity at any point decreases, the pressure at that point increases due to the conservation of the kinetic energy into pressure energy. Venturi meters have only a small head loss, no moving parts. Experimental and cfd analysis of flow through venturimeter to. A schematic of the venturi meter is shown on the diagram at the end of the procedure.
Definition, parts, working, derivation, applications. Then, you must have ten different data sets at different flow rates. Just like electromagnetic flow meter, it has no pressure drop head loss hence is very useful in places where pressure drop should be minimal and where a. Conclusion in this experiment cd, the coefficient of discharge, was calculated for the venturi meter. It is that portion of the venturi where the fluid gets converges. Inserttype venturi flow meter installation and operation manual designs, materials, weights and performance ratings are approximate and subject to change without notice. For better comparisons, two separate trials were analyzed and venturi coefficients for both were computed. The working of venturimeter is based on the principle of bernoullis equation. Determination of coefficient of discharge for venturimeter. A simple, inexpensive venturi experiment applying the. There are many types of inferential meters available, including. The venturi meter has a converging conical inlet, a cylindrical throat and a diverging recovery cone.
Furthermore, still in the field of hydraulic experiment, a scientists called venturi after 7000 ad discovered a venturi meter. A venturi is a convergingdiverging nozzle of circular crosssection. Venturi meter a venturi meter is a tube with a constricted throat that increases velocity and decreases pressure see figure 1. In this experiment the values calculated were found to be less than 1. The flow rate controlled by a gate valve located at the discharge side of the hydraulics bench. To find the water flow rate using the venturi meter and the pressure distribution along the meter.
Conclusion in this experiment cd the coefficient of. Friction losses in pipes live experiment 2015 duration. It is one of the most accurate means of measuring the flow. The pressure along the meter is obtained using the 11 pressure taps at the locations shown on the diagram. The flow is determined using a sudden enlargement, venturi meter, orifice plate, elbow and a rotameter. Ce 321 sample laboratory report packet this packet contains the following materials to help you prepare your lab reports in ce 321. Pdf flow through a venturi meter orifice rotameter. To find the coefficient of discharge of an orifice meter. Venturi meter experiment procedures free download as word doc. More specifically, this simple venturi meter, constructed from materials available at a local hardwareauto parts store, was characterized by determining the venturi coefficient and the permanent pressure loss. How does the pressure change as air flows through a venturi meter. In industrial applications the knowledge of this effect is used to predict how a fluid will react when flowing through various stages of constricted pipes. The measured alteration is then related to the flow.
A venturi meter is basically a type of flow meter with a specially designed tube, used to measure the flow velocity of liquids especially highly viscous liquids. High reproducibility the extent to which consistent results are obtained when an experiment is repeated. A venturi meter is also called a venturi flowmeter. Flow through venturi meter background and theory introduction flow meters are used in the industry to measure the volumetric flow rate of fluids of the modern venturi meter in 1886 by clemons herschel. More specifically, this simple venturi meter, constructed from materials available at a local hardwareauto parts store, was characterized by determining the venturi coefficient and.
Keywords venturi meter, bernoulli balances, laboratory. There is a pressure tap upstream from the orifice plate and another just downstream. Pdf cfd analysis of flow through venturi tube and its discharge. The venturi flow meter consists of a streamlined contraction and a streamline expansion as shown the diagram. In this post the effect of venturi meter and orifice plate on the fluid flow will be disciussed and complete work will be presented in the form of report. Fm 308 flow measurement by venturi and orifice meter objectives.
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